ANÁLISE DAS POSTURAS ADOTADAS DURANTE O CORTE SEMIMECANIZADO DE JUREMA PRETA EM MANEJO DA CAATINGA

Objetivou-se com esta pesquisa analisar as principais posturas adotadas na atividade de corte semimecanizado da Mimosa tenuiflora (Willd.) Poir. popularmente conhecida como jurema preta, por meio da utilização dos métodos ergonômicos Ovako Working Posture Analysis System (OWAS), Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) e Rapid Entire Boby Assessment (REBA) além de propor melhorias no ambiente de trabalho. Foram analisadas, em cada um dos métodos, 220 posturas adotadas durante a atividade de derrubada, destopamento, toragem e condensadas em 30 codificações principais. Dado o exposto, concluiu-se que as codificações em que o operador se manteve com as costas inclinadas, inclinadas e torcida, os dois braços acima dos ombros, o antebraço com amplitudes maiores que 45°, com o pescoço inclinado, e o troco inclinado, além de todas as posturas que foram classificadas nas categorias ou níveis de ação que indiquem uma intervenção próxima ou imediata.Palavras-chave: ergonomia; biomecânica; exploração florestal. ANALYSIS OF THE POSTURES ADOPTED DURING THE SEMIMECANIZED COURT OF JUREMA PRETA IN CAATINGA MANAGEMENT ABSTRACT: The objective of this work was to analyze the main postures adopted in the semimechanized cutting activity of Mimosa tenuiflora (Willd.) Poir., popularly known as black jurema, through the use of Ovako Working Posture Analysis System (OWAS), Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) and Rapid Entire Boby Assessment (REBA) in addition to proposing improvements in the work environment. In each method, 220 postures adopted during the felling, delimbing and tracing activity were analyzed and condensed into 30 main codings according to the result obtained for each of the analysis methods and further subdivided according to the activity. felling, delimbing and tracing. Given the above, it was concluded that the codings in which the operator stands with the back inclined, bent and twisted, both arms above the shoulders, the forearm with amplitudes greater than 45 °, the forearm with amplitudes greater than 45 °, the neck is at some angle of inclination, the inclined change, and all postures that have been classified into categories or levels of action that indicate close or immediate intervention.Keywords: ergonomics; biomechanics; caatinga management

Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Impact of Fixed Appliances Measure questionnaire in Brazil

Abstract: The aim of this study was to translate and cross-culturally adapt the condition-specific instrument Impact of Fixed Appliances Measure (IFAM), assessing its validity and reliability for use among Brazilian children/adolescents. The IFAM was translated, back-translated, cross-culturally adapted, and pilot-tested. The Brazilian version of the IFAM (B-IFAM) was tested on 161 10-to-18-year-old children/adolescents. Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's alpha (α) and test-retest reliability by intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC). Construct validity was conducted using Pearson correlation among the overall and subscales of the B-IFAM. Discriminant validity was evaluated by comparisons of B-IFAM's means and SD with children's/adolescents' sex (Student t-test). Internal consistency was 0.89 for overall score and 0.55–0.86 for subscales. ICC for test-retest reliability was 0.81 for overall score and 0.55–0.78 for subscales. The overall score of the B-IFAM presented large correlation coefficients with most subscales (r = 0.52–0.74), supporting construct validity. Discriminant validity demonstrated statistically significant difference in the overall score, aesthetics, and physical impact subscales among female and male children's/adolescents' (p < 0.05). In the conclusion, the B-IFAM overall score and some subscales demonstrated adequate psychometric properties regarding reliability and validity. The study achieved a specific-condition instrument feasible for use on Brazilian children/adolescents who wear fixed orthodontic appliances

Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network

International audienceThe shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora

NEOTROPICAL ALIEN MAMMALS: a data set of occurrence and abundance of alien mammals in the Neotropics

Biological invasion is one of the main threats to native biodiversity. For a species to become invasive, it must be voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into a nonnative habitat. Mammals were among first taxa to be introduced worldwide for game, meat, and labor, yet the number of species introduced in the Neotropics remains unknown. In this data set, we make available occurrence and abundance data on mammal species that (1) transposed a geographical barrier and (2) were voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into the Neotropics. Our data set is composed of 73,738 historical and current georeferenced records on alien mammal species of which around 96% correspond to occurrence data on 77 species belonging to eight orders and 26 families. Data cover 26 continental countries in the Neotropics, ranging from Mexico and its frontier regions (southern Florida and coastal-central Florida in the southeast United States) to Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay, and the 13 countries of Caribbean islands. Our data set also includes neotropical species (e.g., Callithrix sp., Myocastor coypus, Nasua nasua) considered alien in particular areas of Neotropics. The most numerous species in terms of records are from Bos sp. (n = 37,782), Sus scrofa (n = 6,730), and Canis familiaris (n = 10,084); 17 species were represented by only one record (e.g., Syncerus caffer, Cervus timorensis, Cervus unicolor, Canis latrans). Primates have the highest number of species in the data set (n = 20 species), partly because of uncertainties regarding taxonomic identification of the genera Callithrix, which includes the species Callithrix aurita, Callithrix flaviceps, Callithrix geoffroyi, Callithrix jacchus, Callithrix kuhlii, Callithrix penicillata, and their hybrids. This unique data set will be a valuable source of information on invasion risk assessments, biodiversity redistribution and conservation-related research. There are no copyright restrictions. Please cite this data paper when using the data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us on how they are using the data